ELIAS GOLDENSKY BIBLIOGRAPHY

Gary D. Saretzky

 

This bibliography was prepared primarily in connection with my article, "Elias Goldensky: Wizard of Photography," cited below. A few items were discovered subsquently and added. I would appreciate learning of omissions so that they could be included.



SPEECHES AND WRITINGS BY GOLDENSKY - CHRONOLOGICAL LIST


Goldensky, Elias. "Individuality," Association Review (Convention annual of the Photographers' Association of America), 1908, 31-33; reprinted in Bulletin of Photography, 3:59 (September 23, 1908), 198, 200. (Possibly reprinted from the Association Review [Photographers Association of Ohio and Michigan], [1905?].)

Goldensky, Elias. Transcript of speeches in "The National Convention at St. Paul, July 24th to 29th, 1911," Bulletin of Photography, 9:209 (August 9, 1911), 90-91. [Concerns role of the president of the Photographers' Association of America.]

Goldensky, Elias. Transcript of speech in "The National Convention at St. Paul, July 24th to 29th, 1911," Bulletin of Photography, 9:210 (August 16, 1911), 99. [Concerns copyrights in photography.]

Goldensky, Elias. Transcript of speech in "The National Convention at St. Paul, July 24th to 29th, 1911," Bulletin of Photography, 9:211 (August 23, 1911). [Nomination of William H. Rau for president of the Photographers' Association of America; Rau declined.]

Goldensky, Elias. Transcript of speech in "Fourteenth Annual Convention of the Photographers' Association of New England, Bridgeport, Conn., September 12 to 15th," Bulletin of Photography, 9:216 (September 27, 1911), 199-200. [Description of working method.]

Goldensky, Elias. "Synopsis of Goldensky Lecture. Illuminating Engineering Society," April 19, 1912. Typescript, Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library.

WORKS ABOUT GOLDENSKY OR INCLUDING PHOTOGRAPHS BY HIM - ALPHA LIST

Ackerman, Carl E. [att.]. Editorial, Daily Photographic News (July 25, 1912), [page unknown, clipping in Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library.] [Re Goldensky's Five O'clock Club.]

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. "Elias Goldensky, Maker of Gum Prints," Wilson's Photographic Magazine, 49 (June 1912), 257-267. [Includes eight portraits by Goldensky, none identified in text, although woman with dog is Mrs. Albert Rosenthal.]

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. "In the Proletarian Interest," Wilson's Photographic Magazine, 42 (December 1905), 541-544, reprinted in Harry W. Lawton and George Knox, eds., The Valiant Knights of Daguerre (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978), 215-220. [Includes portrait of Goldensky by William S. Ellis and four portraits by Goldensky: "The Artist" (Albert Rosenthal), "Portrait" (also known as "Italian Type"), "Imber, Esq." (Naphtali Herz Imber), and "Gum Print" (unidentified man).]

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. "The Unconventional in Portrait Photography," Photo-Era, 13:2 (August 1904), 129-132. Reprinted in Jane Calhoun Weaver, ed., Sadakichi Hartmann: Critical Modernist (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), 176-181. [Includes Goldensky among nine top portrait photographers: Steichen, Käsebier, White, Eugene, Weil, Eickemeyer, Day, Goldensky, Coburn.]

American Annual of Photography and Photographic Times Almanac (New York: Tennant & Ward, 1911- 1913). [Goldensky photographs: 1911, 87, woman with statue; 1912, 21, "Girl with Fan"; 1913, 127, "The Artist" (a.k.a. "Albert Rosenthal."]

American Art Annual, 1912. [Who's Who in Art includes Goldensky portrait of Charles H. Davis.]

American Photography, May 1916. [Includes "Ellen Adair" by Goldensky.]

Association Review
[Convention annuals of the Photographers' Association of America], [Goldensky photographs: 1905, 20a, man with magazine, "Character Study"; 1909, n.p., untitled (young woman with long hair), photo from 1908 convention salon.]

Barrett, Jean. "Beauty Is No Stronger Than Its Weakest [?]; Photographer, Who's Hunted the Ideal for Years, Advises Girls to Seek Quality of Illusion Instead," [source unknown, ca. 1940, clipping in Goldensky file, Library Company of Philadelphia].

Barrows, Frank R. "July Will Be a Live Month in Detroit; Photographers' Association of America Holds Forth in the Light Guard Armory, July 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th," Bulletin of Photography, 2:43 (June 3, 1908), 419-422. [Goldensky, to speak at convention, described as "our friend, the inimitable exponent of originality, Mr. Goldensky! A man who knows and wants to tell it. An extremist in portraiture who seeks first the individuality of his subject and gets it. The man who would rather make good pictures than own a bank." Includes portrait of Goldensky by Ryland Phillips.]


Barrows, Frank R. "The First Congress of Photography and Its Purpose," Photographic Progress 1:3 (1909), 93-95. [Notes that Goldensky exhibited six photographs at National Convention of Professional Photographers of America in Rochester, NY.]

Batchelor, John. The Sadakichi Hartmann Papers. A Descriptive Inventory of the Collection in the University of California, Riverside, Library (Riverside, California: University of California, Riverside, 1980). [Lists three articles about and five photographs by or of Goldensky.]

Boasberg, Leonard W. "A Fading Picture; The Photographic Society of Philadelphia, Probably the Oldest Camera Club in America, Has an Illustrious History But Is Down to About 20 Members. . . .," Philadelphia Inquirer (January 26, 1991), D01.

Brey, William and Marie Brey. Philadelphia Photographers, 1840-1900 (Cherry Hill, New Jersey: Willowdale Press, 1992).

Brown, Warren Wilmer. "Photographic Club Exhibits Fine Prints; Elias Goldensky's Works Reveal Harmony of Arrangement," Baltimore News (May 8, 1924), [page unknown, Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library]. [Concerns Goldensky exhibit of portraits and nudes.]

Buerger, Janet. The Last Decade: The Emergence of Art Photography in the 1890s (Rochester: IMP/GEH, 1984).

Bulletin of Photography, 1:11 (October 23, 1907), 201. [Goldensky portrait, "Home Portraiture," of two women; platinum print on Jacobi Tissue.]

Bulletin of Photography, 3:69 (December 2, 1908), 364 . [Goldensky portrait, "Henry C. Phillips, Oldest Active Photographer in Philadelphia."]

Bulletin of Photography
, 4:81 (February 24, 1909), cover. [Goldensky portrait of a woman, "Photo Made at the School P.A. of A. (Photographers' Association of America) at Dayton, O., 1908."]

Bulletin of Photography, 4:86 (March 31, 1909), cover. {Goldensky portrait of a woman, "Made at the Detroit convention, P.A. of A. (Photographers' Association of America)".]

Bulletin of Photography, 5:107 (August 25, 1909), 114. [Goldensky portrait of a woman. Reprinted 6:129 (January 26, 1910), frontis.]

Bulletin of Photography
, 6:157 (August 10, 1910), 82. [Goldensky portrait of woman with long neck.]

Bulletin of Photography
, 8:194 (April 26, 1911), 258. [Goldensky portrait, "Frank S. Noble." Reprinted without credit in Bulletin of Photography, 22:552 (March 6, 1918), 225. Noble was the Assistant Treasurer of the Eastman Kodak Company in 1918, when he was appointed to head the Western New York district for the production of munitions.]

The Bystander, Feb. 6, 1907, 290. [Goldensky portrait of a young woman, "A Study," with heading, "The New Photographic Portraiture.]

The Camera, June 1922, n.p. [Goldensky photograph of a matron, "Mrs. C."]

Camera & Darkroom [journal], 1904, 159. [Goldensky photograph, "Character Study."]

Chait, Elias, "Professional Photographers' Club of New York," Bulletin of Photography, 6:132 (February 16, 1910), 114-115. [Pirie MacDonald reviewed "Loan Exhibition" at meeting on January 27, which included three Goldensky "portraits of different subjects differently handled, a rugged man, a society lady, and the transparent Mary Garden."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "A Most Worthy Project," Bulletin of Photography, 9:216 (September 27, 1911), 207. [Goldensky appointed to committee to explore the creation of a home for aged photographers by John H. Garo, President of the Photographers' Association of New England.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "A Photographic Treat," Bulletin of Photography, 8:186 (March 1, 1911), 144. [Mentions Goldensky's exhibit at Wanamaker's.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]."A Scottish Photographer in America [William Crooke]," Bulletin of Photography, 8:196 (May 10, 1911), 293-294. [Crooke stated that Goldensky was the only professional he met on his trip to America who works only in gum bichromate, and that Goldensky gets good prices, serves a better class of clientele, and composes each picture according to the subject. Crooke, from Edinburgh, visited the U.S. along with H. Walter Barnett of London. Crooke said he also met President Taft, George Eastman, and photographers Cramer, Falk, Harris, MacDonald, Rau, and Strauss. Reprinted from British Journal of Photography.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Another Photographic Scheme," Bulletin of Photography, 15:377 (August 19, 1914), 235-237. [McClure Publications planning "monster album" of 30,000 portraits of women subscribers to The Ladies World; Goldensky to do the work in the Philadelphia region, from "the edge of the Pittsburgh territory, north almost to New York, and in neighboring territory to the south." H.H. Pierce to cover Massachusetts.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Awards in the 1908 Kodak Photographic Advertising Contest," Bulletin of Photography, 3:66 (November 11, 1908), 316. [Goldensky one of five judges in contest for which ten awards are listed in professional and amateur classes. Rudolf Eickemeyer was awarded $50 fifth prize in the former; other photographers listed are now unknown.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]."Composite Portraits," Bulletin of Photography, 1:3 (July 8, 1908), 46-47. [Concerns Goldensky combination of faces of six sisters into one composite portrait; two illustrations.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]."Detroit Convention Programme," Bulletin of Photography, 1:3 (July 8, 1908), 23. [Goldensky to teach a class at the convention of the Professional Photographers of America, July 15, 1908.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. Editorial, Bulletin of Photography, 3:67 (November 18, 1908), 322. [In part reprinted from "Elias Goldensky, Artist-Photographer," The Camera, 11:08 (August 1907), 286.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Elias Goldensky, Artist-Photographer," The Camera, 11:08 (August 1907, 286-290, 297, 298. [Appreciative essay plus six Goldensky photographs: 1) "Study" (child with fish bowl, outdoors); 2) "Study," (female nude with drapery, sitting on floor); 3) "Carmen"; 4) untitled (woman with necklace and ribbons); 5) untitled (portrait of N.H. Imber); 6) "The Late Dr. John Watson (Ian Maclaren) Copyrighted 1907 by Elias Goldensky."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Forerunner of the Thirty-Third Annual Convention of the Photographers' Association of America, convention Hall, Kansas City, Mo., July 21 to 26, 1913," Bulletin of Photography, 12: 307 (June 25, 1913), 806-809. [Includes portrait of Goldensky and notice that he will give two demonstrations ("Versatility in Portraiture" and "Portraiture") "using his new electric flashlight." Follow up article in the July 16 Bulletin, 13:310, 67-68, mentions the times for the lectures but with no other details.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "General Program, Fourteenth Annual Convention and Exposition, Photographers' Association of New England, Steeplechase Island, Bridgeport, Conn., Week of September 11," Bulletin of Photography, 9:213 (September 6, 1911), 153. [Goldensky to demonstrate at convention.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Get Your Art in Focus," Bulletin of Photography, 181 (January 25, 1911),
51-52.

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "News and Notes," Bulletin of Photography, 3:47 (July 1, 1908), 11. [Goldensky to open new studio at 1705 Chestnut on September 1; ten-year lease signed and renovations in progress.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "News and Notes," Bulletin of Photography, 3:67 (November 18, 1908), 333. [Account of surprise party on November 7 for Goldensky at his studio held by his Philadelphia friends, the Bohemians (Ryland W. Phillips, William H. Rau, William Shewell Ellis, Alfred Holden, J. Mitchel Elliot, Louis Kubey, Albert E. Lipp, and Frank V. Chambers), and also attended by out-of-town friends A.F. Bradley, Pirie MacDonald, B.J. Falk, and E.B. Core of New York; G.W. Harris of Washington, and Meredith Janvier of Baltimore.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.], "News and Notes," Bulletin of Photography, 6:131 (February 9, 1910), 96. [Goldensky and Richard T. Dooner to exhibit at School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia, February 14-28. A "musical tea" will be held on February 24, with soloists Marie Zeckwer, soprano, and David Griffin, basso.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Pennsylvania Photographers," Bulletin of Photography, 2:39 (May 6, 1908), 354-355. [Goldensky listed as an exhibitor with three prints (unidentified) at convention of Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania, held in Philadelphia on May 5-6.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.], "Philadelphia Photographers," Bulletin of Photography, 4:90 (April 28, 1909), 272. [At monthly meeting of Professional Photographers of Philadelphia held at the Phillips studio at 1206 Chestnut Street, "Goldensky gave a review of the recent New York State Society meeting and spoke in his usual forceful manner."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Philadelphia Photographers; The Second of a Series of Six Short Talks on Prominent Photographers," Bulletin of Photography (Special Goldensky Number), 31 (March 11, 1908), 211. [Includes portrait of Goldensky by William Shewell Ellis. Issue also includes frontispiece by Goldensky and his portrait of S. Hudson Chapman on page 210.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Philadelphia Section," Bulletin of Photography, 3:64 (October 28, 1908), 286-287. [Report of meeting of Professional Photographers' Society of Philadelphia in Wilmington on October 21, at which Goldensky was one of the speakers. Goldensky described his print varnishing method: "White Spirit of Varnish (not shellac) diluted one-half Denatured Alcohol. Prints were totally submerged in this and allowed to stay in the varnish for from three to ten minutes. . . no brush being used. . ."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Photographers of Pennsylvania; A Heart-to-Heart Talk to Everybody," Bulletin of Photography, 2:36 (April 15, 1908), 305-306. [Goldensky to demonstrate how to get 'individuality of the sitter' at annual meeting of Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania on May 5 and 6.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Professional Photographers' Society of New York; Proceedings of the Convention in New York, April 1 to 3," Bulletin of Photography, 2:35 (April 8, 1908), 295-297. [Goldensky "gave an amusing description of his hand and foot power cutting machine," which allowed the operator to have both hands free while cutting paper or board. Description of apparatus given. Goldensky also gave a demonstration of portrait-making.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.], "Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania," Bulletin of Photography, 4:83 (March 10, 1909), 150; 4:84 (March 17, 1909), 171; 4:85 (March 24, 1909), 183; 4:86 (March 31, 1909), 203; 4:88 (April 14, 1909), 237; 4:90 (April 28, 1909), 265, 268, 269; 4:94 (May 26, 1909), 326. [Notices and program of annual meeting in Philadelphia on May 4-6, 1909. The first four notices state, "Goldensky's studio will undoubtedly be one of the objective points for visiting members, and 'Goldie' [sic] has offered to open his doors to them on the afternoons of the 5th and 6th of May, at which time the studio will be closed to the public." The third and fourth notice also includes the erroneous statement, "Goldy is going to demonstrate, and he will be assisted by Ryland W. Phillips and William Shewell Ellis." The program (p. 268) indicates that Dudley Hoyt, A.F. Bradley and Pirie MacDonald demonstrated at Goldensky's studio, but Goldensky did not. A photograph at the George Eastman House depicts this event. A photograph of "Goldy" by Phillips (uncredited) appears on page 268. A photo made by Bradley on this occasion appears on page 326.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania; Full Report of the Convention Held in Philadelphia, May 5th and 6th," Bulletin of Photography, 2:40 (May 13, 1908), 376-379. [Includes summary of Goldensky's comments concerning J.E. Mock's proposal concerning presentation albums. Goldensky also co-authored a resolution and spoke at the 'Planked Shad Dinner.']

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania; Summary of the Pennsylvania Convention of May 4, 5 and 6," Bulletin of Photography, 4:92 (May 12, 1909), 300-308. [Resolution thanking Goldensky, who had made his premises available on two afternoons for skylight demonstrations by other photographers, for "the placing of his magnificent studio at the disposal of the Society at great pecuniary sacrifice to himself; he also received a gift, which Mrs. Goldensky appropriated on the spot.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "Report of the Meeting of the Professional Photographers' Club of New York," Bulletin of Photography, 12:287 (February 5, 1913), 173. [Report of Goldensky's electric light demonstration. Using his "new invention of Tungsten Light Control" with about 30 lamps, he made portrait exposures in one-quarter of a second with "beautiful results." Goldensky then elected as an honorary member of the Club.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "The 'Better Business' Convention," Bulletin of Photography, 26:677 (August 4, 1920), 102-105. [Goldensky will give a talk and demonstration at the national convention of the Photographers' Association of America, Milwaukee, August 23-28. "Elias Goldensky, of Philadelphia, will tell you more about the making of a portrait than you ever dreamed there was to know."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.], "The Coming Convention at Rochester, July 19-24; A Bit of Advance Information," Bulletin of Photography, 4:96 (June 9, 1909), 360-361. [Ryland W. Phillips to lecture about Goldensky, Barrows, Hoyt, MacDonald, Garo, Strauss, Doty and others at national convention of Photographers' Association of America.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "The Falk Convention, New York, February 12th, 13th, 14th," Bulletin of Photography, 12:287 (February 5, 1913), 182. [Goldensky to exhibit at convention of New York professional photographers.]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.], "The National Convention, Milwaukee, July 12 to 16th," Bulletin of Photography, 6:147 (June 1, 1910), 349-350. [Goldensky listed as one of many "print exhibitors."]

Chambers, Frank V. [att.]. "The Rochester Convention; The Greatest in the History of the National Association. . .," Bulletin of Photography, 5:103 (July 28, 1909), 53-59. [Includes account of Ryland Phillips' lecture about Goldensky and other photographers, although Goldensky not mentioned in summary; Goldensky listed as exhibitor of six photographs (also listed as planning to exhibit in 4:95 {June 2, 1909}, 352).]

Chat
(Philadelphia), 4:9 (January 1918), 6, 13, 14, 19, 20. [Includes the following Goldensky photographs: "The Offering," "Maude Fulton," "Mrs. Frank C. Knowles," "Mrs. Richard E. Norton," "Jules Falk," "Albert Rosenthal [aka 'The Artist']," "Giuseppi Donato," "George Gibbs." See also citation for Jaeger.]

Claudy, C.H. "A Master Workman and His Studio; Elias Goldensky's New Departure," Bulletin of Photography 3:67 (November 18, 1908), cover, frontis, 319-329. [Detailed account of Goldensky's new studio at 1705 Chestnut; includes ten photographs of studio and portrait of Goldensky by Ryland W. Phillips on cover.]

Claudy, C.H. "Art in the Showcase," Bulletin of Photography, 8:180 (January 18, 1911), 43. [Considers Goldensky and Käsebier as artistic portrait photographers.]

Claudy, C.H. "Awards in the 1908 Kodak Prize Competition," Bulletin of Photography, 4:87 (April 7,
1909), frontis, 213-217. [Reproduces award winners; Goldensky one of the judges but not mentioned in article.]

Claudy, C.H. "A Thousand Dollars a Portrait," Bulletin of Photography, 2:36 (April 15, 1908), 304, 309-310. [Report and photo of when civil engineer Charles Henry Davis, who sat for Goldensky after being told that "Goldensky did the best character portrait work in the country." Includes details of Davis' recommendation to Goldensky that he use only hidden cameras in the studio. (In his new studio, to which Goldensky moved soon thereafter, he did install hidden cameras but did not use them exclusively.) Davis also told Goldensky that he should charge $1,000 a portrait, by taking many negatives from the hidden cameras, printing the best one once, and breaking the negative. Goldensky laughed. Also account of Claudy's conversation with Goldensky, in which the latter said he should have been able to have charged $1,000 for "a painterlike study of an artist at her easel," but got only $25 for the home portrait, which Goldensky said was "better than a painting in some ways." ]

Claudy, C.H. "Making Portraits at Home," Bulletin of Photography, 2:24 (January 22, 1908), 65. [Discusses Goldensky and Pierce (of Boston) as unusual professionals because they do home portraits.]

Claudy, C.H. "Originality In Styles," Bulletin of Photography, 8:196 (May 10, 1911), 295-296. [States that while nine out of ten photographers do the "same grade of work. .. . the tenth man--Goldensky, Garo, Strauss--will get something else in his picture. . . .."]

Claudy, C.H. "Portraiture with the Camera," The World Today (June 1910), 627-637. [Includes "Portrait of a Boy" by Goldensky, as well as images by Frances Benjamin Johnston, John Garo, Charles Wesley Hearn, Gertrude Kasebier, J.C. Strauss, Ryland Phillips, Rudolph Eickemeyer, Frederick I. Monson, and Harris & Ewing.]

Cleveland Leader Sunday Magazine, article "Worth While Folk" on Felix Adler with Adler photo by Goldensky, January 3, 1915 [page unknown].

Editors of Popular Photography, "American Museum of Photography Portfolio," Popular Photography Annual (New York: Ziff-Davis, 1968), 32-39. [Photographs by or of Goldensky on pages 33 (Italian Type), 34 (Lumière dinner), 37 (Maxim Gorki), and 39 (Goldensky by Strauss).]

Ellis, William Shewell, Letter to Editor, Bulletin of Photography, 4:88 (April 14, 1909), 237-238. [Ryland W. Phillips' lecture, "Methods Under the Skylight," to be given at annual meeting of Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania, May 4-6, 1909, will include lantern slides of 'the most important studios,' including Goldensky's. This lecture, which was repeated at the national convention in Rochester in 1909 and elsewhere, became the basis for Phillips' book, With Other Photographers, 1910.]

Evening Telegraph
(October 22, 1898), [page unknown, clipping in 1898 Salon album, IMP/GEH Library]. [Discusses Goldensky work at First Philadelphia Photographic Salon.]

Ferguson, E. Lee. "Philadelphia Photographic Salon," The Photographic Times, 31:1 (January 1899), [page unknown, clipping in 1898 Salon album, IMP/GEH Library]. [Discusses Goldensky work at First Philadelphia Photographic Salon.]

Finkel, Kenneth. Nineteenth Century Photography in Philadelphia (New York: Dover, 1980). [Includes brief biographical information about Goldensky and Goldensky portrait of Naphtali Herz Imber, the poet who wrote Hatikvah, later set to music for the Israeli national anthem.]

Frank, Lan. "Goldensky - An Appreciation," Boardwalk Illustrated News (March 1, 1926), 14. [Includes portrait of Goldensky and photograph of his studio.]

Garrett, Susan. Quick-Eyed Love: Photography and Memory (Dallas, TX: SMU Press, 2005). [Includes Goldensky's "Italian Type," ca. 1898, and discussion, 119-121.]

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "A Walk Through the Exhibition of the Photographic Section of the American Institute," Camera Notes, 2 (January 1899), 86-89.

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "A Painter-Photographer -- J.H. Garo," Wilson's Photographic Magazine, 43 (March 1906), 99-102, reprinted in Harry W. Lawton and George Knox, eds., The Valiant Knights of Daguerre (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978), 221-226, under the title, "J.H. Garo, Wanderer on New Roads." [Mentions Goldensky as an artistic photographer precursor of John H. Garo.]

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "Charles Rohlfs: A Worker in Wood," Wilson's Magazine, 49:662 (1912), 70, 74-76. [Includes photograph of Goldensky's showcase, built by Rohlfs, in front of Goldensky's studio at 1227 Walnut Street, 1903-1904.]

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "Exhibition of Photographs by Elias Goldensky at the New York Camera Club, Feb. 10-27, 1904," American Amateur Photographer, 16 (April 1904), 146, 148, 150-157, 159, 160. [Nine portraits by Goldensky, including "Admiral [George Wallace] Melville," "Adolph Grant," "Israel Zangwill," "Miss Katherine Grey," "Study of a Child," "Character Study" (also known as "Italian Type,"), "Portrait, Miss E.W.," "A Difficult Problem (also known as "Two Old Hebrews Reading,"), and "Francesca De Rimini,"(the actor Otis Skinner). The citation for this article in Hartmann's bibliography published in Valiant Knights of Daguerre omits the pages with four of the illustrations.]

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "Sadakichi Hartmann Says Ansco Exhibit of Individual Collections Is Surpassing." Portrait, 4:4 (August 1912), 8-9. [Notes Goldensky's unusual lighting effects and praises nudes printed on Cyko paper, in exhibit at Professional Photographers of America convention, Philadelphia. Other comments on exhibit elsewhere in this issue. See also Unattributed. "The Philadephia Convention."]

Holland, Elizabeth. "Reflections of the Community: Through the Eyes of Jewish Photographers," in Gail F. Stern, ed., Traditions in Transition: Jewish Culture in Philadelphia, 1840-1940 (Philadelphia: Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies, 1988), 64-81 [subsection on Goldensky, 74-76]. [Includes six illustrations by or of Goldensky, including portrait of Naphtali Herz Imber.]

Homer, William Innes. Pictorial Photography in Philadelphia: The Pennsylvania Academy's Salons, 1898-1901 (Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 1984).

Hoppé, E.O. "The Dresden Photograph Exposition. English and American Work," Photo Era, 23:2 (August 1909), 74-77. [Favorable mention of Goldensky's work, exhibited in both professional and amateur categories.]

Hoppé, E.O. "Awards at Budapest," Photo-Era, 25:3 (September 1910), 153. [Goldensky receives silver medal.]

International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House. Annual Report 1993 (Rochester, New York: IMP/GEH, 1994). [Includes Goldensky photo, "Three women, ca. 1915, on page 10.]

Ives, Frederick E. "A New System of Trichromatic Photography," Bulletin of Photography, 7:160 (August 31, 1910), 141-143. [Similar process patented by Ives in 1911. In this article, he describes the plates as being sensitized with bichromated fish glue, while the patent called for bichromatic gelatin. Ives later invited Goldensky to test the process; examples at IMP/GEH.]

Ives, Frederick E. The Autobiography of an Amateur Inventor (Philadelphia: privately printed, 1928). [Frontispiece portrait of Ives by Elias Goldensky. Also includes information on Hi-Cro color camera used by Goldensky.]

Jaeger, A. H., Jr. "The Morgan Dancers," Chat (Philadelphia), 4:9 (January 1918), 8-11. [Includes subsection on Goldensky, four photographs by him, and a caricature of him by "Vet" Anderson.]

Jewish Exponent
(Philadelphia), 1899-1900. [Goldensky advertisements, "Modern Photography," April 21, May 19 and 26, June 9 and 16, July 28, September 8, 15, and 29, October 6, 20, and 27, and November 10, 1899; and "Modern High-Class Photography," December 29, 1899 and January 5, March 23 and 30, and April 19, 1900. The April 21, 1899, ad is reprinted in Seventy-Five Years of Continuity and Change, supplement to the Jewish Exponent (March 12, 1976), 11.]

Keiley, Joseph T. "The Philadelphia Salon," Camera Notes, 2:3 (January 1899), 113-132, reprinted in Peter C. Bunnell, ed., A Photographic Vision: Pictorial Photography, 1889-1923 (Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, 1980), 541-544.

Kendrick, Alexander. "All About the Town," Philadelphia Inquirer ([?], 1937). [Clipping, Goldensky file, Library Company of Philadelphia. Concerns portraits of Franklin Delano Roosevelt and his mother by Goldensky and his son, Milton.]

Krips, H.A. "Philadelphia Photographers," Bulletin of Photography, 2:45 (June 17, 1908), 461. [Goldensky declines nomination of vice-president, Professional Photographers' Society of Philadelphia, at annual meeting on May 20; election results given.]

Kubey, Louis. "Pennsylvania Photographers," Bulletin of Photography, 9:209 (August 9, 1911), 82. [Re meeting of Executive Board of Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania on August 3, 1911. Goldensky, who was not on the board but invited to attend, "obliged the board with a lengthy and interesting talk on the subject of the Professional Photographers' Society of Pennsylvania, merging its convention with that of the National Convention, to be held in Philadelphia, 1912, and by a unanimous vote the executive board decided to do so."]

Lawton, Harry W. and George Knox, eds. The Valiant Knights of Daguerre (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978). [Biography and anthology of Sadakichi Hartmann's writings on photography.]

Lester, William R. "Camera Art Work Put on Public View; Exhibition of Pictures by Goldensky and Dooner is Opened; Brought from Dresden," North American (February 15, 1910), [?]. [Clipping in Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library. Includes two portraits by Goldensky, "Miss Barnes" and "Julius Falk."]

MacDonald, Pirie, "To the Members of the Professional Photographers' Society of New York, Bulletin of Photography, 2:32 (March 18, 1908), 236-238. [At forthcoming convention on May 5-6, Goldensky will show "how he finds the individuality of the sitter." "'Goldy' is a strong man, of original ideas, of unique methods and forceful results."]

Matthies-Masuren, F. "Pictorialism at the International Photographic Exhibition, Dresden, 1909," Photographic Progress, 1:1:5 (October 1909), 146-153. ["Superb" work of a few American professional exhibitors (Core, Dooner, Eugene, Goldensky, Hoyt, Hutchinson, and Käsebier) praised by German reviewer as "perhaps finer and more artistic" than German work, but "Germans showed the best average."]

Miller, Dr. Malcolm Dean. "Old Masters by Strauss," American Photography, 6:6 (June 1912), 310- 327 passim. [Includes portraits by J.C. Strauss of noted photographers in the garb of old masters, such as Goldensky as Dante; Edward S. Curtis as Vandyck's Portrait of Himself; Pirie McDonald as Holbein's The Merchant; Lewis Godlove as Delaroche's Napoleon; S. Dundas Todd as Figure from Raphael's Sistine Madonna; and Henry Havelock Pierce as Franz Hals' Knight Errant. Previously published in English magazine, The Sketch, October 18, 1911.]

Mills, Charles P. [att.], "Commercial Society of Philadelphia," The Camera, 51 (July-December 1935), 356. [Mentions Elias' son, Milton Goldensky.]

Newhall, Beaumont. "The Search for Color - A Short History," in Bruce Downes, ed., Color Photography Annual, 1956 Edition. (NY: Ziff-Davis, 1956, 19-25, 167-169). [Includes color portrait of woman with rose taken by Goldensky in 1916 with Hess-Ives Hicro Camera.]

Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art. "School Notes," Bulletin of the Pennslvania Museum, 30 (April 1910), 33. ["Under the auspices of the Alumni Association an exhibition of the photographic portraits and portrait studies by Mr. E. Goldensky and Mr. R.T. Dooner was held for two weeks in the Auditorium of the School, and attracted many visitors."] Citation courtesy of Sara J. MacDonald, Public Services Librarian, The University of the Arts - University Libraries and Archives.

Peterson, Christian A. Index to the Annuals of the Pictorial Photographers of America (Minneapolis: privately printed, 1993).

Phillips, Ryland W. "Photographers Who Have Succeeded," Photo-Era, 43:6 (December 1919), 296- 305. [Includes one unidentified female portrait by Goldensky.]

Phillips, Ryland W. With Other Photographers (Rochester: Eastman Kodak Company, 1910). [Section on Goldensky on pages 26-29; six illustrations, including views of 1705 Chestnut Street studio.]

Photo-Era
, 1:4 (August-September 1898), 85. [Goldensky's "Italian Type" is reproduced with a quotation, "The year grows rich as it groweth old, and life's latest sands are its sands of gold! -- Dorr."]

Photographers' Association of America. Minutes of Proceedings, Thirty-Ninth Annual Convention, Buffalo, New York, July 18-23, 1921. [Includes one portrait by Goldensky.]

Photographische Mitteilungen
, 1909, 320 opp., 326 opp. [Includes two Goldensky portraits: "Study" and an untitled portrait, both of women.]

Raymer, Felix. "Class Instruction as I Saw It at Detroit," Bulletin of Photography, 3:54 (August 19, 1908), 115-117. [Report of demonstrations, including Goldensky's, at national convention of Photographers' Association of America in Detroit, July 14-17. Makes point that work of Strauss, Stein, Schneider, and Goldensky each has distinctive stamp of individuality. Goldensky's Detroit convention participation also mentioned on the following pages of the Bulletin: 2:45 (June 17, 1908), 450; 3:47 (July 1, 1908), 4; 3:48 (July 8, 1908), 23-24; 3:50 (July 22, 1908), 50-51 (including on list of those receiving Salon Honors); 3:51 (July 29, 1908), 72.]

Richardson, H. Starr. "Philadelphia's Tribute to the House of Lumière," Bulletin of Photography, 1:20 (December 25, 1907), 389-390. [On occasion of dinner for A. Lumière in regard to introduction of Autochrome process to the U.S.; Goldensky included in photo and guest list.]

Saretzky, Gary D. "Elias Goldensky: Wizard of Photography," Pennsylvania History, 64:2 (Spring 1997), 206-272. [With 17 full-page photographs.]

Sipley, Louis Walton [att.]. "The First Museum of Photography," Arts and Sciences 5 (1941), 37-66. [Includes "A Daguerreotypist," depicting Goldensky and Elizabeth Williams, and two images by Goldensky: "Figure Study" and "Carbon of 1898" (a.k.a. "Italian Type"). The article includes references to Goldensky on pp. 59, 61, 65, and 66. Elsewhere in the journal, there are passing references to Elias Goldensky and Milton Goldensky on pp. 9, 23, 67, 95, and 96 and a group photo, including Goldensky, of the Board of the American Museum of Photography, p. 6.]

Sipley, Louis Walton [att.]. American Museum of Photography (Philadelphia: American Museum of Photography, 1956). [Includes list and photo of original Board of the Museum, including Goldensky; description of the Goldensky collection; and reproduction of Goldensky's "Italian Type."]

Sipley, Louis Walton [att.]. "Portraiture," Pennsylvania Arts and Sciences 4:1 (July 1937), 45-47. [Includes Goldensky portrait of Frederick Ives.]
Sipley, Louis Walton. A Half Century of Color (New York: Macmillan, 1951).

Skinner, Cornelia Otis. Family Circle (New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1948). [Goldensky portrait of Otis Skinner, father of Cornelia, as "Matinée Idol," page 103.]

Sobieszek, Robert A. Masterpieces of Photography from the George Eastman House Collections. New York: Abbeville Press, 1985. [Compares Helmar Lerski to Goldensky and Pirie MacDonald, page 256; also mentions that Goldensky photographed American Indians on page 246.]

Spikol, Art. "The Packrat Inheritance," Philadelphia Magazine (November 1978). [Concerns how the Goldensky collection came to the George Eastman House.]


Unattributed. "Spirit Photos Bunk, Says Phila. Expert. Messages from Dead Explained by Tricks With Phosphorus," North American, July 2, 1924, [page unknown], clipping in Goldensky file, Temple University Archives. [Includes portrait of Goldensky.]

Unattributed. "The American Institute Exhibition," Wilson's Photographic Magazine (November 1898), 497-502. [Goldensky was exhibitor.]

Unattributed. "The Cedar Point Convention," Portrait, 11:4 (August 1919), 1-2. [At first annual convention of Photographers' Association of America since 1916, "historical display" includes work by Goldensky.]

Unattributed. "The Harrisburg Convention," Portrait, 4:12 (April 1913), 12. [At convention of Pennsylvania State Photographers' Association, Harrisburg, Goldensky "gave another of his interesting demonstrations of posing and lighting by artificial light."]

Unattributed. "The Kodak Advertising Contest," Camera Craft, 15:12 (December 1908), 487. [Goldensky was one of five judges for the contest, for which prizes were given in both professional and amateur categories. Of the winners, the best known was Rudolf Eickemeyer, who won the fifth prize ($50) in the professional category.]

Unattributed. "The Many Attractions of the Virginia and Carolinas Convention--Richmond, Va., September 1-4," Bulletin of Photography, 5:105 (August 11, 1909), 93, 103-104. [Includes description by William Shewell Ellis of Ryland Phillips' "famous illustrated lecture" concerning "the inner workings of many of the best-known studios" including Goldensky, Garo, Strauss, MacDonald, and Dührkoop.]

Unattributed. "The Missouri Convention," Portrait, 4:6 (October 1912), 9-10. [Ansco Cyko exhibit, including Goldensky, "much admired" at Missouri Photographers' Association convention in St. Louis.]

Unattributed. "The Philadelphia Convention," Portrait, 4:4 (August 1912), 1. [Nearly 1,500 photographers attend national convention of Professional Photographers of America, where Ansco Cyko exhibit includes work by Goldensky.]

Unattributed. "What the National Convention Offers at Philadelphia, July 22-29," Wilson's Magazine, 49 (1912), 241 opp., 242-243. [Includes portrait of Goldensky by Minya Diaz-Dührkoop.]

Unattributed. "Why Pictures Fail in Beauty; Secrets of Photographers Revealed to Fair Sex by Expert," [clipping from a Philadelphia newspaper, June 6, 1912, 7, in Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library.] [Account of Goldensky lecture at photographers' convention in Philadelphia.]

Upton, John and Ronald Emerson, Color as Form: A History of Color Photography (Rochester: IMP/GEH), 1982. [Includes color Goldensky photograph, woman with rose (Ives process).]

Vestal, David. "Louis Walton Sipley," Camera (May 1978), 30, 39-40. [Includes story of how Sipley obtained Goldensky's photos exhibited at the 1898 Philadelphia Salon from the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.]

Ward, H. Snowden. "The Work of the Year," Photograms of the Year (London: Dawburn & Ward), 1909, 95. [Includes list of Dresden exhibition award winners, including Goldensky.]

Washington Star
(October 26, 1941), [page unknown, clipping in Goldensky file, IMP/GEH Library]. [Concerns Goldensky exhibit at National Museum of American History.]

Western Camera Notes
(May 1907), 140. [Goldensky listed as being in Portfolio Division 1 of the Salon Club of America.]

Wilson's Photographic Magazine
, 35:504 (December 1898), 530. [Discusses Goldensky's work at First Philadelphia Photographic Salon.]

Zimmerman, Walter. "Exposition Photography as Seen by a Juror," Camera Craft, 9: 6A (December 1904), 283-290. [Account of jurying of photographs at St. Louis Exposition. Goldensky exhibited four portraits and was awarded one of a few gold medals.]

OTHER WORKS - ALPHABETICAL LIST


[These publications do not mention Goldensky but I found them useful as background in preparing my essay on him.]

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. "Advance in Artistic Photography," Leslie's Weekly (April 28, 1904), 388.

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. Composition in Portraiture (New York: Edward L. Wilson, 1909).

Allan, Sidney [Sadakichi Hartmann]. "The Recent Exhibition of the Photo-Secession Society," Camera Craft, 8:6 (May 1904), 243-248.

Anderson, Paul L. "The Gum Pigment Process. Part I - General Character and Theory," The Camera, 50:4 (April 1935), 217-222.

Ansco Company. CYKO Prints. (Binghamton, NY: [ca. 1909]. [Trade catalog for developing out paper (DOP) used by Goldensky, with 33 samples. I did not see this item, which was offered for sale by Andrew Cahan, Catalogue 59, 1997.]

Balch, David Arnold. Elbert Hubbard, Genius of Roycroft (New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1940).

Barchatova, Yelena V., et al. A Portrait of Tsarist Russia. Unknown Photographs from the Soviet Archives (New York: Pantheon Books, 1989). [Contains information regarding major Russian photographers in nineteenth century.]

Beck, Tom. An American Vision. John G. Bullock and the Photo-Secession (New York and Baltimore: Aperture/University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1989).

Bernheimer, Charles S. The Russian Jew in the United States (Philadelphia: John C. Winston Co., 1905).

Bodnar, John E. The Ethnic Experience in Pennsylvania (Lewisburg, Pennsylvania: Bucknell University Press, 1973).

Brey, William. John Carbutt: On the Frontiers of Photography (Cherry Hill, New Jersey: Willowdale Press, 1984).

Bunnell, Peter C. "Introduction," in A Photographic Vision/Pictorial Photography 1889-1923 (Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, 1980), reprinted in Peter C. Bunnell, Degrees of Guidance: Essays on Twentieth Century American Photography (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 1-12.

Campbell, Bruce F. Ancient Wisdom Revived: A History of the Theosophical Movement (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980).

Chambers, Frank V. "An Appreciation of the late Frederick Gutekunst," Bulletin of Photography, 20:509 (May 9, 1917), 440-442. [Early in his career, Goldensky worked for Gutekunst.]

Chiel, The [Sadakichi Hartmann], "The Salon Club and the First American Photographic Salon at New York," American Amateur Photographer (July 1904), 226-305, reprinted in Harry W. Lawton and George Knox, eds., The Valiant Knights of Daguerre (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978), 118-126.

Clark, Robert Judson, ed. The Arts and Crafts Movement in America, 1876-1916 (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1972. [Includes section on Charles Rohlfs, who designed furniture for Goldensky's Chestnut Street studio.]

Cottington, Ian E. "Platinum and Early Photography. Some Aspects of the Evolution of the Platinotype," History of Photography, 10:2 (April-June, 1986), 131-139.

Cuff, David J., et al., eds. The Atlas of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1989).

Denney, Colleen. "The Role of Subject and Symbol in American Pictorialism, History of Photography, 13:2 (April-June 1989), 109-128.

Dubnow, S.M. History of the Jews in Russia and Poland from the Earliest Times Until the Present Day. Trans. I Friedlander. Volume II, From the Death of Alexander I Until the Death of Alexander III (1825-1894) (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1918).

Dührkoop, Rudolph. "Lecture by Rudolph Duhrkoop [sic] to the Photographers' Association of America, at St. Paul, Minnesota, July 27th, 1911," Bulletin of Photography, 9:23 (September 6, 1911), 153-159.

Eckhardt, Joseph and Linda Kowall, "The Movies' First Mogul [Siegmund Lubin]," in Murray Friedman, ed., Jewish Life in Philadelphia, 1830-1940 (Philadelphia: ISHI Publications, 1983). [Includes discussion of Goldensky's rabbi and friend, Joseph Krauskopf.]

Fishman, William J. Jewish Radicals. From Czarist Stetl to London Ghetto (New York: Pantheon Books, 1974). [Originally published as East End Jewish Radicals, 1875-1914.]

Frankel, Jonathan. Prophecy and Politics. Socialism, Nationalism, and the Russian Jews (Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1981).
Friedman, Murray, ed. Jewish Life in Philadelphia, 1830-1940 (Philadelphia: ISHI Publications, 1983).

Furnas, J.C. The Americans, A Social History of the United States, 1587-1914 (New York: Putnam's Sons, 1969).

Gilbert, Martin. The Jews of Russia. Their History in Maps and Photographs (London: National Council for Soviet Jewry of the United Kingdom and Ireland, 1976).

Golab, Caroline. Immigrant Destinations (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1977).

Golab, Caroline. "The Immigrant and the City: Poles, Italians, and Jews in Philadelphia, 1870-1920," in Allen F. Davis and Mark H. Haller, eds., The Peoples of Philadelphia: A History of Ethnic Groups and Lower-Class Life, 1790-1940 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1973), 203-230.

Goldhagen, Erich. "The Ethnic Consciousness of Early Russian Jewish Socialists," Judaism, 23 (1973), 479-496.

Greenberg, Louis. The Jews in Russia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965).

Greenhill, Gillian Barrie. The Outsiders: The Salon Club of America and the Popularization of Pictorial Photography. Ph.D. Dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, 1986.

Greenough, Sarah E. "Alfred Stieglitz and the Opponents of the Photo Secession," New Mexico Studies in the Fine Arts, II (1977), 13-19.

Hambourg, Maria Morris and Christopher Phillips, The New Vision. Photography Between the World Wars (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1989).

Hamilton, Charles F. Roycroft Collectibles (Tavares, Florida: SPS Publications, 1992).

Hannum, Gillian Greenhill. "Photographic Politics: The First American Photographic Salon and the Stieglitz Response," History of Photography, 14:3 (July-September 1990), 285-295.

Hannum, Gillian Greenhill. "The Salon Club of America and the Popularization of Pictorial Photography," in Kathleen Collins, ed., Shadow and Substance: Essays on the History of Photography in Honor of Heinz K. Henisch (Bloomfield Hills, Michigan: 1990), 255-260.

Hartmann, Sadakichi. "The St. Louis World's Fair Photographer's Impressions," Photographic Times- Bulletin, 36:11 (November 1904), 480-489.

Homer, William Innes. Alfred Stieglitz and the Photo-Secession (Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1983).

Hull, Roger. "Emplacement, Displacement, and the Fate of Photographs," in Daniel P. Younger, ed., Multiple Views: Logan Grant Essays on Photography, 1983-89 (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1991), 169-192. [Concerns another prominent pictorialist and portrait photographer, who, like Goldensky, was not a member of the Photo-Secession.]

Hull, Roger. "Rudolph Eickemeyer, Jr. and the Politics of Photography," New Mexico Studies in the Fine Arts, II (1977), 20-25.

Hull, Roger P. "The Stieglitz-Hartmann Letters: The Toy Balloonist and the Great Aerialist," Sadakichi Hartmann Newsletter, 2:2 (Fall 1971), 1-7.

James, Edmund J., et al. The Immigrant Jew in America (New York: B.F. Buck & Co., 1906).

Jussim, Estelle. "From the Studio to the Snapshot," History of Photography, 1:3 (July 1977), 183-199, reprinted without most of the illustrations in Jussim, The Eternal Moment: Essays on the Photographic Image (New York: Aperture, 1989), 161-179.

Jussim, Estelle. Slave to Beauty. The Eccentric and Controversial Career of F. Holland Day. . . . (Boston: David Godine, 1981).

Keller, Ulrich F. "The Myth of Art Photography: A Sociological Analysis," History of Photography, 8:4 (October-December 1984), 249-275.

Klein, Henry. "The $1,000,000 Collection That Got Away; Lou Sipley Saved Everything He Thought Was of Photographic Value," Bulletin/Discovery/Sunday (Philadelphia), (January 14, 1979), 20, 22, 24.

Klier, John D. and Shlomo Lambroza, eds. Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History (Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

Margolis, Marianne Fulton, ed. Camera Work, a Pictorial Guide (New York: Dover and IMP/GEH, 1978).

Michaels, Barbara L. Gertrude Käsebier: The Photographer and Her Photographs (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1992).

Moholy, Lucia. One Hundred Years of Photography (England: Hammondsworth, 1939).

Morozov, S. "Early Photography in Eastern Europe: Russia," History of Photography, 1:4 (October 1977), 327-347.

Naef, Weston. The Collection of Alfred Stieglitz (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art/Viking, 1978).

Newhall, Beaumont. Focus. Memoirs of a Life in Photography (Boston: Bulfinch Press, 1993).

Panzer, Mary. In My Studio: Rudolf Eickemeyer, Jr. and the Art of the Camera, 1885-1930 (Yonkers, New York: Hudson River Museum, 1986).

Panzer, Mary. Philadelphia Naturalistic Photography, 1865-1906 (New Haven: Yale University Art Gallery, 1982).

Pares, Bernard. A History of Russia (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1951).


Parsons, Melinda Boyd. "Edward Steichen's Socialism: 'Millennial Girls' and the Construction of Genius," History of Photography, 17:4 (Winter 1993), 317-333.

Peterson, Christian A. "American Arts and Crafts. The Photograph Beautiful, 1895- 1915," History of Photography, 16:3 (Autumn 1992), 189-232.

Pitts, Terence Randolph. William Bell: Philadelphia Photographer, M.A. Thesis (University of Arizona, 1987).

Stanislawski, Michael. Psalms for the Tsar. A Minute-Book of a Psalms-Society in the Russian Army, 1864-1867 (New York: Yeshiva University Library, 1988).

Stickley, Gustav. "Als Ik Kan," The Craftsman, 11 (October 1906 - March 1907), 128-130. [This editorial constitutes a manifesto of the Arts and Crafts Movement.]

Strauss, J.C. "Photography as Art," Current Literature, 32:3 (March 1902), 355-356.

Tabak, Robert Phillip. The Transformation of Jewish Identity: The Philadelphia Experience, 1919-1945, Ph.D. dissertation (Temple University, 1990).

Troyat, Henri. Gorky (New York: Crown Publishers, 1989).

Tussle, Catherine. "Steichen and the Photography-as-Art Debate: Silencing the Cuckoo's Call," History of Photography, 17:4 (Winter 1993), 343-351.

Unattributed. "Dührkoop, Expert Advertiser," American Photography, 5:9 (September 1911), 546-547. [Describes reasons for national renown of Rudolph Dührkoop, who was co-featured with Goldensky at 1912 Wanamaker exhibition in Philadephia.]

Underwood, Sandra Lee. Charles H. Caffin: A Voice for Modernism, 1897-1918 (Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1983).

Wallace, Linda S. "Home with a view of the river and history," Philadelphia Inquirer (March 8, 1989), 1-E. [Concerns Abercrombie House, site of first Goldensky studio in Philadelphia.]

Weaver, Jane Calhoun, ed. Sadakichi Hartmann: Critical Modernist (Berkeley: University of California, 1990). [Includes biography, collected writings, and bibliography.]

Webster, Richard J. Philadelphia Preserved (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1976). [Includes information on Abercrombie House, site of first Goldensky studio in Philadephia.]

Whelan, Richard. Alfred Stieglitz: A Biography (New York: Little, Brown, 1995).

Whiteman, Maxwell. "A Century of Transformation: Philadelphia Jewry, 1840-1940," in Gail F. Stern, ed., Traditions in Transition: Jewish Culture in Philadelphia, 1840-1940 (Philadelphia: Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies, 1988), 10-27.

Whiteman, Maxwell. "Philadelphia's Jewish Neighborhoods," in Allen F. Davis and Mark H. Haller, eds., The Peoples of Philadelphia: A History of Ethnic Groups and Lower-Class Life, 1790-1940 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1973), 231-255.

Whiteman, Maxwell. "The East European Jew Comes to Philadephia," in John E. Bodnar, The Ethnic Experience in Pennsylvania (Lewisburg, Pennsylvania: Bucknell University Press, 1973), 287-308.

Whiteman, Maxwell. "The Philadelphia Group," in Murray Friedman, ed., Jewish Life in Philadelphia, 1830-1940 (Philadelphia: ISHI Publications, 1983), 163-178.

Whiteman, Maxwell. "Western Impact on East European Jews: A Philadelphia Fragment," in Randall M. Miller and Thomas D. Marzik, eds., Immigrants and Religion in Urban America (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1977), 231-255.

Wood, John. The Art of the Autochrome. The Birth of Color Photography (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1993).

Wright, Bonnie. "Julius Strauss and the Art of Photography," Missouri Historical Review, 73:4 (1979), 451-462.